AMARETTO: GFZ

AMARETTO - opticAlly puMped mAgnetometers foR EarTh observaTiOn

[Translate to English:] AI generated illustration — *(AI generated illustration)*

Recent advancements in Earth observation, driven by new technologies, have expanded our understanding of the planet. Quantum sensors, improved by developments in quantum computing and communication, are now expected to revolutionize the field by providing highly accurate and sensitive measurements in a low SWaP. One such technology is the Optically Pumped Magnetometer (OPM), which measures magnetic fields with exceptional precision. OPMs use optical pumping to detect changes in light transmission caused by magnetic fields, offering highly sensitive, compact, and lightweight solutions for space-based platforms, enabling the collection of global magnetic field data, and providing a comprehensive view of the Earth’s magnetic environment. AMARETTO aims to explore the potential of Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs) for Earth observation, focusing on four key objectives.

State-of-the-Art Review: A thorough evaluation of OPM technology and its suitability for space-based Earth observation will be conducted. The performance characteristics of OPMs will be reviewed. The goal is to identify the most promising OPM characteristics and understand their suitability for space-based earth observation applications.

Requirement Definition: Building upon the review of the current state of the art, the project will define specific requirements for OPM-based sensors in the context of Earth observation. These requirements will encompass sensitivity, accuracy, power consumption, and robustness.

Sensor Concept Formulation: A high-level concept for an OPM-based vector sensor will be developed. Since the precise orientation of the magnetic field is crucial for Earth observation, this concept will focus on a vector sensor (to be confirmed). The outline will include the architecture, components, and operational principles of the OPM-based sensor system. The goal is to create an efficient and effective sensor design that can provide valuable data for Earth observation efforts.

Development Planning: In the final phase, the AMARETTO project develops a detailed plan for building and deploying the OPM-based sensor, including potential in-orbit demonstration activity. Specific de-risking activities will also be identified.

Earth’s magnetic field is measured primarily through two methods: continuous readings from ground-based observatories and space-based observations. Dedicated magnetic missions such as the Ørsted satellite (1999–2005), the CHAMP satellite (2000–2010), and the ongoing ESA Swarm mission (since 2013) provide high-quality, full-vector geomagnetic field data.

Time Frame

2024 – 2025

Funding

The European Space Agency (ESA) Earth Observation (EO)

Principal Investigators