The Swabian MOSES (Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems) field campaign was  conducted between June and September 2023 in the southeastern Black Forest, the Neckar  Valley and the Swabian Alb in southwestern Germany (https://www.atmohub.kit.edu/english/590.php). The domain of the field campaign is shown in Fig.1. It focused on hydro-meteorological extreme  events, including the initiation and intensification of convective events which are accompanied by heavy rain and can lead to local flooding.

As a part of the observing system the GFZ installed eight additional GNSS stations in the region of interest and operated them in near real time during the measurement campaign. An example of the Integrated Water Vapor (IWV) time series from one of the stations is shown in Fig. 2. The IWV measurements will be utilized in data assimilation experiments to study the impact of the station (data) densification in southwestern Germany.