For a safe and efficient construction of underground structures (e.g., tunnels, galleries, caverns, etc.) it is essential to be provided with a most detailed exploration of the subsurface. Direct observations from boreholes can be ideally complemented with geophysical investigations. Seismic measurements have proven to be particularly appropriate. They are being applied successfully from the surface for shallow structures.

• Giese, R., Klose, C., and Borm, G. (2005): In situ seismic investigations of fault zones in the Leventina Gneiss Complex of the Swiss Central Alps. In: Harvey, P. K., Brewer, T. S., Pezard, P. & Petrov, V. A. (eds). Petrophysical Properties of Crystalline Rocks. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 240, 15 - 24.
• Lüth, S., Buske, S., Giese, R., Goertz, A., 2005. Fresnel volume migration of multicomponent data. Geophysics 70(6), 121-129.
• Borm, G. & Giese, R. (2004): Hochauflösende seismische Gebirgserkundung beim Tunnelbau im Festgestein. Geotechnik 27, Nr. 2, 164 - 167.
• Giese, R., Dickmann, Th., Eppler, Th. and Lüth, S., 2006, Seismic tomography to investigate the tunnel surroundings of the Side Gallery West of the multifunctional station Faido. In: Geologie und Geotechnik der Basistunnels am Gotthard und Lötschberg, vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich, 145 -154.